Ladies, did you know that osteoporosis doesn't only affect older women? Or how osteoporosis can cause permanent disability, even death? And how to prevent osteoporosis? All will be discussed in this article!
Osteoporosis Classification
As we know from the previous article, two out of five women aged 50-70 years in Indonesia have osteoporosis. This number is even higher in women aged> 70, with one in two osteoporosis. Osteoporosis itself is divided into two types, primary and secondary.
1. Primary Osteoporosis
Primary osteoporosis occurs in postmenopausal women and older women or men, usually in their 50s. Osteoporosis is divided into 2:
a.Type 1 (Postmenopausal)
It has a close relationship with the hormone estrogen and the incidence of menopause in women. This type of osteoporosis occurs 15-20 years after menopause.
b.Type 2 (Senile)
It occurs due to a lack of calcium and stimulating cells to form vitamin D in men and women over 70. This type of osteoporosis is twice as common as type 1.
2. Secondary Osteoporosis
Secondary osteoporosis occurs due to certain diseases or disorders, surgery, or administration of drugs that can accelerate bone loss, such as steroids. This type of osteoporosis is related to chronic diseases that cause movement limitations for sufferers, such as arthritis, or those that cause a lack of calcium, such as kidney disease.
Impact of Osteoporosis
The International Osteoporosis Foundation notes that 20% of osteoporosis-related fracture patients die within one year. Of all people with osteoporosis, as many as one-third of them must lie in bed, and another third must be assisted to stand and walk. Only the remaining third can recover and carry out everyday activities. Osteoporosis has an impact both physically, psychologically, economically, and socially as follows:
1. Physical Factors
The shape or posture of the body changes. For example, it becomes shorter or stooped so that it experiences limitations in activities.
2. Psychological Factors
The stress from limited movement causes the desire to move to be blocked or cannot be fulfilled.
3. Economic Factors
Osteoporosis requires a high enough cost for treatment because the medication needs to be taken regularly and continuously.
4. Social Factors
Limitations in socializing due to limited movement and the need for help from others in carrying out activities.
Osteoporosis Prevention
To prevent osteoporosis, we can do the following:
1. Consumption of foods rich in calcium content, such as anchovies, broccoli, tempeh, and tofu.
2. Do physical exercise regularly.
Exercise improves bone integrity, improves muscle tone, and reduces the risk of fractures.
3. Try to get enough sun exposure (vitamin D).
It is recommended to sunbathe for 5-15 minutes at 9 a.m. 2-3 times a week, with both arms and legs sunbathing areas.
4. Avoid cigarettes, alcoholic beverages, and excessive caffeine.
So, are you ready to prevent osteoporosis starting from yourself, Ladies? Check out other articles about health on Fitie!
Source:
Pusat Data dan Informasi. (2019). InfoDATIN: Situasi Osteoporosis di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.